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In 2010, GPUs first supported virtual memory, but despite decades of development around virtual memory, CUDA virtual memory had two major limitations. First, it didn’t support memory overcommitment. That is, when you allocate virtual memory with CUDA, it immediately backs that with physical pages. In contrast, typically you get a large virtual memory space and physical memory is only mapped to virtual addresses when first accessed. Second, to be safe, freeing and mallocing forced a GPU sync which slowed them down a ton. This made applications like pytorch essentially manage memory themselves instead of completely relying on CUDA.
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